Course Contents

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Please note the content shown below is 2025 syllabus. This course is also available for 2026 syllabus. Please contact college for details.

Higher Level

See Ordinary level >>

Detailed Content

• Cell theory
• Cell ultrastructure
• The Light Microscope
• The Electron Microscope
• Prokaryotic & Eukaryotic Cells
• Cell Reproduction
• The cell cycle
• Mitosis

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• Functions of Food
• Protein
• Carbohydrates
• Lipids
• Vitamins
• Minerals & Water
• Cell Metabolism
• Enzymes - The enzyme substrate complex, The lock and Key Theory, Factors affecting enzyme action, Immobilised enzymes

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• Classification of organisms
• The prokaryotes
• Bacteria ( monera ) - reproduction, nutrition
• Viruses - replication, medical advantages and disadvantages, antibiotics
• Fungi kingdom - rhizopus or bread moulding, reproduction, saccharomycetes yeast, laboratory procedures when dealing with microorganisms, technology and industry

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• The flowering plant
• Meristematic regions of the plant and root
• Root structure
• Meristematic regions of the root
• Functions of the roots
• The shoot
• The functions of leaves
• Structure of the flowering plant
• Photosynthesis chemical reaction
• Chlorophyll
• Biochemistry of photosynthesis
• ATP - The light reactions
• The three stages of photosynthesis
• Cylic photosphorylation
• Non cylic photosphorylation
• The dark reactions
• Plant Transport
• Translocation

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• The heart - The human vascular system
• The circulatory system
• Coronary circulation
• The cardiac cycle
• Heart disease an why it occurs
• The blood
• Blood groups
• Blood vessals
• The lymphatic system
• The lungs
• Exchange of gases
• Inhalation & exhalation
• Breathing disorders

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• Digestive system
• Digestive glands
• The mouth
• Digestion in the stomach
• Digestion in small intestine
• Small intestine digestive juices
• An introduction to respiration
• Digestion in large intestine
• Summary of the absorption of digested food
• The liver
• Bile
• Balanced diet
• Excretory system in humans
• The skin
• The urinary system
• Diseases of the urinary tract
• The nephron
• How urine is formed

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• The skeleton
• Muscles
• Growth and development of the bones
• Eye
• Ear
• The nervous system
• The neurone
• Nerve impulse
• Reflex Arc
• The brain
• The spinal chord
• Nervous system problems
• The Endocrine system
• The pituitary, thyroid and adrenal glands

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• Germination - The flower
• Fertilisation
• Pollen grain development (male gamete formation)
• Embryo sac development (female gamete formation)
• Germination of the seed
• Vegetative propagation
• Phytohormones
• Tropisms in more detail
• Phototropism
• Geotropism
• Auxins
• Human reproduction
• Male reproduction
• Female reproduction
• The menstrual cycle
• Pregnancy and birth
• Development of the Embryo
• Infertility

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• Genetic crossing
• Mendelian genetics
• Multiple alleles
• Incomplete dominance
• Meiosis and gamete formation
• Linkage and Crossing over
• Sex linkage
• Evolution
• Chromosones and DNA
• Protein Synthesis and DNA
• DNA profiling
• Genetic engineering

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• Anaerobic and aerobic respiration
• Glycolysis
• Hydrogen carrier system
• The body's defence system
• The Antigen - Antibody reaction
• Types of immunity
• Lymphocytes

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• The ecosystem
• Pyramid of numbers
• Methods of studying ecosystems
• A habitat - the rocky seashore
• The carbon cycle
• The nitrogen cycle
• Population - competition and predation, parasitism and symbosis, dynamics
• Man's impact on the environment
• Pollution
• Conservation and waste management

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